God said, Let Newton there! And everything will be bright.
Isaac Newton, the greatest scientist and the most influential ever lived in the world, was born in Woolsthrope, England, right on Christmas day in 1642, the year coinciding with the death of Galileo. Like the Prophet Muhammad, he was born after his father died. In the boy he already showed real prowess in the field of mechanics and very deft use of his hands. Although children with a brilliant brain, the school seemed reluctant and did not attract much attention. When stepping on puberty, her mother out of the school with the hope that his son could be a good farmer. Fortunately the mother could be persuaded, that the main talent lies not there. At age eighteen he entered the University of Cambridge. This is where Newton is lightning absorb what was then known to science and mathematics and quickly as well start doing its own investigation. Between the ages of twenty-one and twenty-seven years he has laid the foundations of the theory of knowledge, which in turn then to change the world.
Mid 17th century was a period of seeding science. The discovery of the telescope near the beginning of the century, it has revolutionized the entire opinion about astrology. English philosopher Francis Bacon and the French philosopher Rene Descartes both call upon scientists across Europe to no longer rely on the authority of Aristotle, but to experiment and research on the basic point of departure and his own purposes. What is proposed by Bacon and Descartes, already practiced by the great Galileo. The use of binoculars, a new discovery for astronomy research by Newton has revolutionized the field investigation, and he did in the mechanics sector has produced what is now known as "Newton's laws of motion" of the first.
Another great scientists, such as William Harvey, discoverer of blood circulation affairs and governance inventor Johannes Kepler motion of the planets around the sun, offering very basic information for the scholars. Even so, the pure science is still a hobby of the intellectuals, and still has not been proven --apabila used in teknologi-- that science can change the basic pattern of human life as foreseen by Francis Bacon.
Although Copernicus and Galileo had kicked aside some assumptions digress about the knowledge of ancient and has been presenting a greater understanding genah about the universe, but none of the main ideas was that formulated carefully capable of turning a pile of sense landless and baseless as he put them together in a a theory that allows the development of forecasts more scientific. None other than Isaac Newton was the man who could be presenting a collection of theories which neatly summarized and laid the first stone of modern science which is now the current is so fad people.
Newton himself somewhat reluctantly publish and announce its findings. The basic idea was drawn up long before 1669, but many new theories were publicly known for years afterward. Issuance of the first inventions was concerned penjungkir reversal old notion of things light. In a series of careful experiments, Newton discovered the fact that what is commonly called the "white light" is actually none other than a mixture of all the colors contained in the rainbow. And he was a very careful analysis of the legal consequences of reflection and refraction of light. Adhering to this law her disposal-year 1668-- designed and well built the first reflecting telescope, binoculars model used by most investigators kemintang today. These findings, together with the results obtained in the field of optical experiments that have been diperagakannya, dedicated by him to the British royal institute researcher when he was twenty-nine years.
Newton's success in the field of optics have probably been sufficient to put Newton on the order of this book list. Meanwhile there are still discoveries are less important in the field of pure mathematics and in the field of mechanics. Greatest offerings in the field of mathematics is the discovery of "integral calculus" that might be solved when he was twenty-three or twenty-four years. This discovery is the most important works in the field of modern mathematics. Not merely is like a seed that grows thereof modern mathematical theory, but also furniture inevitable that without the discovery that advances modern science that comes after is impossible. Although Newton did not do anything else, the discovery of "integral calculus" it alone is sufficient to lead to a high ladder in this list.
But Newton's discoveries are important in the field of mechanics, knowledge about movement of a thing. Galileo was the inventor of the first laws that describe the motion of an object if it is not influenced by outside forces. Of course, basically all objects influenced by outside forces and the most important issues in mechanical particulars is how objects move in that state. This problem is solved by Newton's second law of motion and famous and can be regarded as the laws of classical physics the most important. The second law (basis matcmatik described dcngan equation F = m.a) stipulates that the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force divided by mass of the object. Newton's second law to add the famous third law of motion (asserted that in every action, such as physical strength, there is a reaction similar to that conflict) as well as the most famous discovery of the scientific principle of universal law of gravity. The fourth of the present law, if combined, would form a unified system that is valid for the entire macro system mechanics, ranging from pergoyangan pendulum to move the planets in orbit around the sun that can be controlled and predictable movements. Newton did not just set the laws of mechanics, but he himself also use tools of mathematical calculus, and show that the fundamental formulas can be used for solving problems.
Newton's law can be and has been used in large scale scientific fields as well as the field of designing various technical equipment. In his lifetime, the most dramatic pemraktekan is in the field of astronomy. In this sector, even Newton stood at the front. In 1678 Newton published his book of famous mathematical principles of natural philosophy (usually summarized Principia only). In the book, Newton put forward his theory of gravity law and the laws of motion. He shows how these laws can be used to estimate the precise movements of the planets around the sun. The main issue gestures astronomy is how to estimate the exact position and movement kemintang star and planets, thus fully solved by Newton only once snapped. For his work was Newton is often considered the greatest astronomer of all the biggest.
What is our assessment of the importance of scholarly Newton? When we open the open the index encyclopedia of science, we will encounter along with particulars regarding Newton's laws and findings on two or three times more than the particulars of any scientist, too. Leibniz said the great scholars were not at all close to Newton even been involved in a heated argument: "Of all the things that the mathematics of the world began to grow until the Newton, one that gives the best contribution." Also kudos given by the great French scholar, Laplace: "The book Principia Newton was far ahead of all the products of human genius in the world." And Langrange often said that Newton was the greatest genius who ever lived. While Ernst Mach in writing in 1901 said, "All of the mathematical problems solved since the days of his life is the basis for the development of mechanics based on Newton's laws." This may be the major discovery of the most intricate Newton: he found a container of separation between the facts and the law, able to describe some of the magic but not much help to the allegations; he left us the continuum laws of physics is able to be used for issues within the scope of secret very comprehensive and contains the possibility to make guesses right.
In the description that is so quick, it is impossible to reveal in detail the discoveries of Newton. As a result, many works are somewhat less well known are forced to set aside even have an important meaning in terms of discoveries in the field of its own problems. Newton also made great contributions in the field of thermodynamics (the investigation of the heat) and in the field of acoustics (the science of sound). And he is precisely that presents a crystal clear explanation of how the principles of physics "preservation" of the motion so do not waste as well as "preservation" of the angular motion of something. If you want to queue the present invention can be extended again: Newtonlah man who invented the binomial theorem in mathematics is very logical and accountable. Want to add more? He also, none other than, the first person who expresses convincingly Happenings origin of the stars.
Well, now because this way: put scientist Newton was the most thumbs of all the scientists who have ever lived on earth. Most sheen like emerald in the center stack stone. Put it that way. However, there may be people who question what the reasons put Newton on the giant frontman politicians such as Alexander the Great or George Washington, and called ahead than great religious figures such as Jesus or Buddha Gautama. Why should you?
Consideration of me this way. It is true that political changes were important if not imperative. Even so, however, also generally the largest life hardly much difference between them in the days of five hundred years after Alexander died with them in the days of five hundred before Alexander emerged from his mother's womb. In other words, the way people live in the year 1500 AD is arguably similar to the way of life great- great-grandfather, the son of their great son in the year 1500 before Christ. Now, look from the corner of the development of science. In the last five centuries, thanks to modern scientific discoveries, the way of life of everyday people has experienced great revolution. How to dress differently, eat different ways, ways of working and manifold. In fact, relaxed way of life lazed was not at all similar to what was done one time in 1500 AD. Scientific discovery has not only revolutionized the technology and economics, but also have changed the total in terms of political, religious thought, art and philosophy. Very langkalah aspects of human life are still "squat in place" not moved an inch even in the presence of a scientific revolution. The reason once again for reasons this-- that became the reason why so many scientists and inventors of new ideas contained in this book list. Newton not only the smartest brains in a long line of intelligent brain, but at the same time he was the most influential figure in the development of the theory of science. That's why he got the honor to be seated in the order of almost the top of many of the most influential man in human history. Newton's final breath in 1727, was buried in Westminster Abbey, the first scientist to that kind of respect.
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Hundred Most Influential People in History
Michael H. Hart, 1978
Translation H. Mahbub Djunaidi, 1982
PT. World Pustaka Jaya
Jln. Kramat II, No. 31A
Central Jakarta